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Selected microbial processes in a bioreactor
Klinková, Lucie ; doc.RNDr.Petr Zbořil, CSc. (referee) ; doc.Ing.Martin Mandl, CSc. (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the study of the influence of selected parameters on the course of microbial cultivation and evaluation of bioprocess. It is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the production of mutant forms of the protein cryptogein yeast Pichia pastoris. The theoretical part summarizes the findings of the yeast P. pastoris and its expression. It also deals with cryptogein that induces defense reactions in plants. In the experimental part was produced mutant cryptogein X24, in which the concentration of each fraction and the ability to transfer sterols. The second part of this thesis is focused on aerobic and anaerobic oxidation of elemental sulfur by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. In the theoretical section, our knowledge on A. ferrooxidans, its metabolism and the importance of ATP in cell metabolism was summarized. In the experimental part, the above bioprocess was monitored using pH, biomass concentration, the rate of oxidation of elemental sulfur the cellular ATP content.
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Automatic train protections system tester
Marek, Michal ; Musil, Vladislav (referee) ; Šteffan, Pavel (advisor)
The Master´s thesis describes continuous automatic train protection system and its functional properties, principally the transmission of special encoded signal between stationary part and rail vehicle. There is also summarized some important information about the gear rotational speed sensors and its communication with other onboard peripherals. Depends by analysed parameters of electrical signals, the general suggestion of portable electronic device is outlined. Portable electronic device or TESTER will be used to in phase of testing mobile part of automatic train protection system mounted onboard of rail vehicle. Tester will generate equivalent electrical signals to signals in system automatic train protection and the real system response will be possible to evaluate. The generator block allows to model real electrical signals in automatic train protection technology type LS or type EVM and signals rail vehicle odometry.
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Sperm and ejaculate traits and their association with male fertilization success in vertebrates with internal and external fertilization
Nesvedová, Anna ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Svobodová, Jana (referee)
Postcopulatory sexual selection, which encompasses sperm competition and cryptic female choice, has long been an understudied or neglected component of sexual selection. However, in sexually promiscuous organisms, it can play a crucial role in mate choice. Sperm competition exerts strong selective pressure on sperm phenotypes, yet detailed intraspecific studies investigating the relationship between sperm phenotype and male fertilization success remain relatively scarce. Furthermore, selection may operate differently in organisms with external fertilization (where the female's role in influencing sperm competition outcomes is limited) versus internal fertilization (where sperm competition occurs within the female reproductive tract, and cryptic female choice can also come into play), potentially favoring different sperm characteristics. This thesis, based on research synthesis, summarizes the knowledge about sperm traits that influence male fertilization success in promiscuous organisms, with a focus on differences in sperm trait selection in organisms with internal and external fertilization. To elucidate this issue, the thesis first provides a brief overview of the morphological diversity of vertebrate sperm. It explores sperm morphology and its relationship with male fertilization success, as...
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Statistical analysis of the influence of body height of ATP players on the success of their game
Nechanický, Michal ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Carboch, Jan (referee)
Title: Statistical analysis of the influence of body height of ATP players on the success of their game Objectives: The aim of my bachelor's thesis is to determine whether a player's body height affects his position in the ATP rankings and whether it affects the effectiveness of his serve. At the same time, I will investigate the possible influence of surfaces on player's serve statistics and his position in the ATP rankings. Methods: The mentioned monitoring was determined on a sample of TOP 200 players of the ATP ranking. Mathematical-statistical analysis of the data was carried out by collecting the data reported on the official ATP website. The results of my investigation were compared with similar characteristics of selected professional literature. Results: Mathematical-statistical analysis showed a loose correlation between a player's body height and his position in the ATP rankings. Furthermore, a stronger correlation was shown between serve statistics and ranking and between serve statistics and player height. This correlation changes with the type of surface, where the most closeness to the player's position in the ATP ranking or his body height is shown by the serve statistics of the player serving on a hard surface. Keywords: Tennis, body height, serve, surfaces, ATP
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The molecular mechanisms and role of purinergic signaling in hypothalamus
Ivetic, Milorad ; Zemková, Hana (advisor) ; Mysliveček, Jaromír (referee) ; Smejkalová, Terézia (referee)
(EN): Extracellular ATP and purinergic P2 receptors (P2X and P2Y) are involved in a signaling network called "purinergic signaling" which is widely exploited in both somatic and neuronal tissues, and is also operative in endocrine system. The main focus of my thesis is on the role and expression of P2X and P2Y receptors in hypothalamic supraoptic nuclei (SON) producing hormones vasopressin and oxytocin, and the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the principal circadian pacemaker in mammals. In the first part of my thesis, we tested the hypothesis that P2X and P2Y receptors play a role in the enhanced release of hormones from magnocellular SON neurons stimulated through fasting/refeeding experimental protocol. We studied the effect of 2 h of refeeding after 48 h of fasting on hormone, P2X and P2Y mRNA expression in the SON tissue of 30-day-old rats, and the effect of ATP on electrophysiological properties of SON neurons in brain slices from control and fasted/refed rats. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the expression of P2X2 and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) mRNA was increased and P2Y1 mRNA expression was decreased in fasted/refed rats compared to controls, whereas P2X4, P2X7, P2Y2 and oxytocin mRNA levels were not significantly changed. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed that the amplitude...
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Bakteriální kontaminace rybích produktů - mikrobiologický a MALDI TOF přístup
GÁPOVÁ, Pavlína
This diploma thesis was focused on microbial contamination of fish meat. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was chosen as a model fish. The work aimed to optimize the conditions for bacterial growth using four different growth media and three different temperatures. Incubation took place at 0, 72 and 120 hours after killing the fish and the samples were incubated at 0, 4 and 8 ° C. Agars selected from a broth of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were used as growth media and a commonly used bovine-based agar was added as a control. After incubation, the obtained bacterial colonies were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. At the same time, two chemical analyzes were performed on other meat samples stored under the same conditions. The first was to determine how the content of ATP and its metabolites (Hx + R and Hx) will change over time. The second analysis focused on the change in lactate content over time. The work was divided into 4 phases. The most demanding phase of the whole project, both time and manual, was the preparation of samples for testing and MALDI-TOF MS. The content of ATP and lactate in the meat was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). The results of the work did not show the influence of the composition of the growth medium on the final microbial community. Temperature proved to be the most significant factor influencing the growth of microorganisms. Bacteria demonstrably grew more and faster at higher temperatures. The lowest and slowest growth was recorded for samples growing at 0 ° C. The second important factor, mainly influencing the species composition of the bacterial community, was the time from the killing of the fish to the time of testing. While the community was grown on the media vaccinated at 0 and 72 hours after slaughter was relatively diverse, the media vaccinated at 120 hours after slaughter have already succeeded in isolating almost exclusively Pseudomonas spp. Analyzes of the content of ATP and lactate have shown that at lower temperatures - respectively the temperature of 0 ° C there is not only a significant slowing down of bacterial growth but also a slowing down of the autolysis process. Differences in storage at 4 and 8 ° C were no longer significantly different.
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Touha po cukru; fyziologické procesy klíštěte \kur{Ixodes ricinus} v závislosti na hostitelské glukóze
PLAČKOVÁ, Barbora
Blood-feeding arthropods, Ixodes ricinus acquire and digest vast amounts of the host blood meal, which often exceeds their body volume up to 100 times. It seems to be an only source of energy which they need for the reproduction. I identified homologues of six sugar transporters genes encoding sugar transporters in the I. ricinus tick. Transcripts encoding sugar transporters were found in digestive tract of I. ricinus. The results of RT PCR analysis characterised tissue expression profiles of the sugar transporters while fed by blood. The sugar transporters were determined as a drug target by RNAi. In this master thesis, the use of RNAi and available sugar inhibitors did not confirm glucose importance in physiology of ticks. Membrane feeding showed that blood meal with 2-deoxy-D-glucose had a significant impact on the reproduction and viability of the ticks.
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The importance of immunogenic cell death for modern tumor immunotherapy
Kubešová, Kateřina ; Šírová, Milada (advisor) ; Adkins, Irena (referee)
Immunogenic cell death is characterized by the release of molecules with damage-associated molecular patterns which can subsequently activate immune system. Only specific types of cell death can release these molecules. Classification of immunogenic cell death types and understanding of their initiation can be used for activation of the immune system against cancer cells. Simultaneously, it is necessary to understand different mechanisms, how the molecules with damage-associated molecular patterns work. Molecules with damage-associated molecular patterns which are studied the most, not only for their use in anticancer therapy, are type I interferons, calreticulin, high mobility group box 1 protein and heat shock proteins 70 and 90. Key words: immunogenic cell death, molecules with damage-associated molecular patterns, cancer, immunotherapy, type I interferons, calreticulin, high mobility group box 1 protein, ATP, heat shock protein 70, heat shock protein 90
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The Issue of Returning of Competitive Tennis Players post Game Break
Nekolová, Barbora ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Velenský, Michael (referee)
Title: The Issue of Returning of Competitive Tennis Players post Game Break Objectives of work: The aim of my bachelor thesis is to determine the course of two professional tennis players'career in connection with its long-term interruption. Surveys the circumstances and psychical and physical condition of athletes efore, during and after a tennis pause. The reasons and effect of carem interruptions will be explore. Method: Will be used methods as narrative interview - annotated transcription technice, quantitative interview, analysis and comparison. Results: In this work have been identified three scientific questions, all managed to handle. The reset of the research is fanding that a pause in a professional tennis player career did not have a negative impact on personal life, while in both cases the impact was positive. Negatively impressed by thein performance, because no one in the interval of pause trained fully. After return to the tournaments both players met the targets set out to do with the coach. Key words: tennis, professional tennis player, ATP, performance, personal life, sports goals
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Effect of coach change on professional tennis players
Nekolová, Barbora ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Carboch, Jan (referee)
Title: Effect of coach change on professional tennis players Objectives of work: The aim of the thesis is to analyze the impact of coach change on professional tennis players from the psychology perspective, social relationship and player's attitude to the sport itself. The impact of the coach change on player's approach to tennis, game results, personal life and interpersonal relationships will be examined. Method: The methods that will be used are narrative interviews - annotated transcription technique, quantitative interview, analysis and comparison. Results: In the practical part of the dissertation, author answered five research questions through conducted research. Conducted research revealed that coach change affected tennis results of only one of the investigated probands. However, positive psychological impact of coach change was described by both probands. Neither of probands changed his training methods or their approach to tennis after the coach change. Team goals of one of the proband were not achieved, the second proband is still an active player and works on his sports career. Key words: tennis, professional tennis player, ATP, performance, personal life, sport goals, coach, change
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